DNA metabarcoding of prey reveals spatial, temporal and diet partitioning of an island ecosystem by four invasive wasps

Invasive alien species can cause detrimental changes in native ecosystems, but our understanding of the interactions between multiple exotic is limited. To evaluate joint effect sympatric invaders on an ecosystem, we must first understand how they interact with each other. Here, quantified spatial distribution, dietary composition and overlap four invasive generalist vespid (two Vespula two Polistes) that co-occur Ahuahu off north-east coast New Zealand. We used DNA metabarcoding larval faecal material to identify prey species, mapped locations nests. observed clear partitioning, different wasp aggregating habitats. Diet differed both among (diet partitioning) seasons (temporal partitioning). There was stronger competition (highest diet overlap) germanica vulgaris than other partitioning resources minimised species. Additionally, obtained high-resolution inventories help assess combined ecological impact invasion by wasps. These consumed mostly endemic invertebrates from trophic levels, particularly herbivores (Lepidoptera). provide direct evidence combination exploited a wide range invertebrates. Synthesis applications. Our study demonstrates resource wasps, facilitating coexistence these invaders. conclude probably amplifies their impact. Quantifying exploit partition provides insights into communities assemble helps cumulative effects recipient community.